Kachulukidwe acetic acid: zidziwitso ndi kusanthula kagwiritsidwe
M'makampani opanga mankhwala, asidi acetic ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso ofunikira. Kwa akatswiri omwe amagwira ntchito m'munda wamankhwala, kumvetsetsa zakuthupi za asidi acetic, makamaka kachulukidwe kake, ndikofunikira pakupanga mapangidwe, kasamalidwe kakusungirako komanso kukonza njira. Mu pepala ili, tisanthula mwatsatanetsatane kuchuluka kwa asidi acetic ndikukambirana momwe amakhudzira ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito.
Mwachidule za zoyambira katundu ndi kachulukidwe acetic acid
Acetic acid (chilinganizo chamankhwala: CH₃COOH), chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti acetic acid, ndi asidi wokhala ndi kukoma kowawa kwambiri komanso fungo loyipa. Monga mankhwala ofunika kwambiri, asidi acetic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madera ambiri monga chakudya, mankhwala, ndi mankhwala. Kutentha (25°C), asidi acetic amakhala ndi kachulukidwe pafupifupi 1.049 g/cm³. Mtengo uwu umasonyeza kuti asidi acetic ndi wolemera pang'ono mu madzi ake amadzimadzi poyerekeza ndi madzi (kuchuluka kwa 1 g/cm³).
Zotsatira za kutentha pa kachulukidwe acetic acid
Kachulukidwe, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha chinthu, nthawi zambiri chimasintha ndi kutentha. Kachulukidwe acetic acid ndi chimodzimodzi. Kutentha kumawonjezeka, kusuntha kwa ma molekyulu a acetic acid kumawonjezeka ndipo kusiyana kwawo kwa maselo kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, pa 40°C kachulukidwe ka asidi acetic ndi pafupifupi 1.037 g/cm³, pamene 20°C ndi pafupi 1.051 g/cm³. Katunduyu ndi wofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito, makamaka pakuwongolera molondola kwa dosing ndi momwe amachitira, pomwe momwe kutentha kumakhudzira kachulukidwe ka asidi acetic kuyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwazinthu komanso mtundu wazinthu.
Kufunika kwa kachulukidwe ka acetic acid pamafakitale
Popanga mankhwala, kachulukidwe wa asidi acetic sikuti amangokhudza kusungidwa kwake ndi zoyendera, komanso zokhudzana ndi chiŵerengero cha ndondomeko ndi ntchito ya mankhwala. Pokonzekera mayankho, chidziwitso cholondola cha kachulukidwe acetic acid chimathandiza kudziwa chiŵerengero cholondola cha solute ndi zosungunulira, motero kukhathamiritsa momwe zinthu zilili. Pakusungirako ndi zoyendera, kachulukidwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakuzindikira mphamvu ndi kunyamulira kwa zotengera kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo ndi chuma.
Acetic acid kachulukidwe miyeso ndi miyezo
Muzochita zamafakitale, kachulukidwe ka acetic acid nthawi zambiri amayezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga mabotolo amphamvu yokoka, ma gravimeter amtundu wa zoyandama kapena ma vibrating chubu densitometers. Miyezo iyi imalola kachulukidwe ka asidi acetic kuti adziwike molondola ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera bwino komanso kukonza bwino. Miyezo yapadziko lonse ya kachulukidwe ka asidi acetic nthawi zambiri imatengera kuwongolera bwino kwa kutentha, kotero kukhazikika kwa kutentha kulinso kofunikira popanga miyeso.
Chidule
Kuchulukana kwa asidi acetic, monga chimodzi mwazinthu zake zakuthupi, kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito zambiri zamakampani opanga mankhwala. Kupyolera mu kumvetsetsa mozama ndi kuyeza kolondola kwa kachulukidwe ka acetic acid, kachulukidwe kake kakhoza kuwongoleredwa bwino, mtundu wazinthu ukhoza kukongoletsedwa, komanso chitetezo chosungira ndi mayendedwe chikhoza kutsimikizika. Kaya mu kafukufuku wa labotale kapena kupanga mafakitale, kasamalidwe ka kachulukidwe ka acetic acid ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti njira zama mankhwala zikuyenda bwino.
Kupyolera mu kusanthula pamwambapa, titha kuwona bwino lomwe kuti kumvetsetsa ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa acetic acid sikumangothandiza kukonza bwino kupanga, komanso kumachepetsa zinyalala ndi ndalama, motero kupezerapo mwayi pa mpikisano wowopsa pamsika.