M-cresol, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti m-methylphenol kapena 3-methylphenol, ndi organic pawiri ndi mankhwala formula C7H8O. Pa kutentha kwa firiji, nthawi zambiri ndi madzi achikasu kapena opepuka, osungunuka pang'ono m'madzi, koma amasungunuka mu zosungunulira monga ethanol, ether, sodium hydroxide, ndipo amatha kuyaka. Pagululi lili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana pazamankhwala abwino.

Munda wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo: Monga mankhwala apakati komanso opangira mankhwala, m-cresol imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana a pyrethroid, monga fluazuron, cypermethrin, glyphosate, ndi dichlorophenol, popanga mankhwala a m-phenoxybenzaldehyde. M'munda wa mankhwala, m-cresol ili ndi ntchito zambiri ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zopangira kupanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana, monga mankhwala oletsa kutupa, mankhwala oletsa khansa, ndi zina zotero. konzani zida zamankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Makampani abwino amankhwala: m-cresol itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zama mankhwala abwino. Mwachitsanzo, imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi formaldehyde kupanga utomoni wa m-cresol formaldehyde, womwe ndi wofunikira pakati pa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndipo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mankhwala ophera fungal ndi ophera tizilombo. Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga ma antioxidants, utoto, zonunkhira, ndi zina.

 1,Mwachidule za njira zopangira komanso zosiyana zapakhomo ndi zapadziko lonse lapansi

Njira yopangira meta cresol imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: njira yochotsera ndi kaphatikizidwe. Njira yochotsera imaphatikizapo kubwezeretsanso cresol yosakanikirana kuchokera kuzinthu za malasha ndikupeza meta cresol kudzera munjira yovuta yolekanitsa. Malamulo a kaphatikizidwe amakhudza njira zosiyanasiyana monga toluene chlorination hydrolysis, isopropyltoluene njira, ndi njira ya m-toluidine diazotization. Chofunika kwambiri cha njirazi ndikupangira cresol kudzera muzochita zamankhwala ndikuzilekanitsa kuti mupeze m-cresol.

Pakalipano, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakupanga cresol pakati pa China ndi mayiko akunja. Ngakhale kuti pakhala kupita patsogolo pang’ono popanga m-cresol ku China m’zaka zaposachedwapa, padakali zofooka zambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala, kusankha kwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, ndi kasamalidwe ka ndondomeko. Izi zimabweretsa kukwera mtengo kwa meta cresol yopangidwa m'nyumba, ndipo mtundu wake ndi wovuta kupikisana ndi zinthu zomwe zatumizidwa kunja.

2,Zovuta ndi Zopambana mu Tekinoloje Yopatukana

Tekinoloje yolekanitsa ndiyofunikira kwambiri popanga meta cresol. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mfundo yowira kwa 0.4 ℃ yokha komanso kusiyana kwa 24.6 ℃ pakati pa meta cresol ndi para cresol, ndizovuta kuwalekanitsa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachizolowezi za distillation ndi crystallization. Chifukwa chake, makampani nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma molecular sieve adsorption ndi njira za alkylation zolekanitsa.

Mu njira yotsatsira ma molecular sieve, kusankha ndikukonzekera masieve a maselo ndikofunikira. Ma sieve apamwamba kwambiri a ma molekyulu amatha kutsatsa meta cresol mogwira mtima, motero amakwanitsa kulekanitsidwa bwino ndi para cresol. Pakalipano, chitukuko cha zothandizira zatsopano komanso zogwira mtima ndizofunikanso kupititsa patsogolo teknoloji yolekanitsa. Zothandizira izi zitha kukonza bwino kulekanitsa, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, komanso kulimbikitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa njira yopangira meta cresol.

3,Msika wapadziko lonse ndi waku China wa cresol

Mlingo wapadziko lonse wa meta cresol umaposa matani 60000/chaka, pomwe a Langsheng ochokera ku Germany ndi Sasso ochokera ku United States ndi omwe amapanga meta cresol padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mphamvu zake zopanga zimafika matani 20000 pachaka. Makampani awiriwa ali pachiwonetsero chotsogola pantchito yopanga meta cresol, kuwongolera bwino, komanso chitukuko cha msika.

Mosiyana ndi izi, kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi opanga ma cresol ku China ndikocheperako, ndipo mphamvu zonse zopanga ndizochepa. Pakadali pano, mabizinesi akuluakulu aku China opanga ma cresol akuphatikiza Haihua Technology, Dongying Haiyuan, ndi Anhui Shilian, omwe mphamvu zawo zopanga zimakhala pafupifupi 20% yapadziko lonse lapansi kupanga cresol. Mwa iwo, Haihua Technology ndiye wopanga wamkulu kwambiri wa meta cresol ku China, wokhala ndi mphamvu yopanga pachaka pafupifupi matani 8000. Komabe, kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa zinthu zopangira kumasinthasintha chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga kupezeka kwa zinthu zopangira komanso kufunikira kwa msika.

4,Mkhalidwe wa kagawidwe ka zinthu ndi kufunikira komanso kudalira kwa katundu

Kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa msika wa cresol ku China kumawonetsa kusakhazikika kwina. Ngakhale kupanga kwapakhomo kwa cresol kukukulirakulira m'zaka zaposachedwa, pakalibe kusiyana kwakukulu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa njira zopangira komanso kukula kwa msika womwe ukukula. Chifukwa chake, China ikufunikabe kuitanitsa kuchuluka kwa meta cresol chaka chilichonse kuti ikwaniritse zofooka pamsika wapakhomo.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kupanga cresol ku China mu 2023 kunali pafupifupi matani 7500, pomwe voliyumu yolowera idafika pafupifupi matani 225. Makamaka mu 2022, chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwamitengo yamisika yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kukula kwa kufunikira kwanyumba, kuchuluka kwa cresol kuchokera ku China kudaposa matani 2000. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti msika wa cresol ku China umadalira kwambiri zinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja.

5,Mayendedwe amtengo wamsika ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza

Mtengo wamsika wa meta cresol umakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza momwe mitengo yamisika yapadziko lonse lapansi ikuyendera, kupezeka kwapanyumba ndi momwe amafunira, ndalama zopangira, komanso mfundo zamalonda zapadziko lonse lapansi. M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, mitengo yonse yamsika ya meta cresol yawonetsa kusinthasintha. Mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri udafika pa 27500 yuan/ton, pomwe mtengo wotsika kwambiri udatsika mpaka 16400 yuan/ton.

Mtengo wamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi umakhudza kwambiri mtengo wapakhomo wa cresol. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu pamsika wa cresol pakati pa China, mitengo yolowera kunja nthawi zambiri imakhala chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale mitengo yapakhomo. Komabe, ndikukula kwa zopanga zapakhomo komanso kuwongolera kwamakampani, kutsogola kwamitengo yapanyumba kukubwerera pang'onopang'ono. Pakalipano, kuwongolera njira zopangira zinthu zapakhomo ndi kuwongolera mtengo kumakhalanso ndi zotsatira zabwino pamitengo yamsika.

Kuonjezera apo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko zotsutsana ndi kutaya kumakhalanso ndi zotsatira zina pamtengo wamsika wa meta cresol. Mwachitsanzo, dziko la China layambitsa kafukufuku woletsa kutaya zinthu pa meta cresol yochokera ku United States, European Union, ndi Japan, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti zinthu za meta cresol zochokera m'mayikowa zilowe mumsika wa China, motero zikukhudza kagayidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe kake. ndi mayendedwe amitengo pamsika wapadziko lonse wa meta cresol.

6,Madalaivala amsika otsika komanso kuthekera kwakukula

Monga gawo lapakati pamakampani opanga mankhwala abwino, meta cresol ili ndi ntchito zingapo zakutsika. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikukula kwachangu kwamisika yotsika ya menthol ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kufunikira kwa msika wa meta cresol kwawonetsanso kukula kokhazikika.

Menthol, monga zokometsera zofunika kwambiri, zimakhala ndi ntchito zambiri m'makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku lililonse. Ndi kufunafuna kwa anthu moyo wabwino komanso kukula kosalekeza kwa msika wazinthu zama mankhwala tsiku lililonse, kufunikira kwa menthol kukuchulukiranso. Monga chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri popanga menthol, kufunikira kwa msika wa m-cresol kwakweranso.

Kuphatikiza apo, makampani ophera tizilombo ndi amodzi mwamagawo ofunikira a meta cresol. Ndikusintha kwa chidziwitso cha chilengedwe komanso kukonza ndi kukweza kwa makampani ophera tizilombo, kufunikira kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito bwino, kawopsedwe kakang'ono, komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe sawononga chilengedwe kukuchulukirachulukira. Monga chinthu chofunikira popanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana ophera tizilombo, kufunikira kwa msika wa meta cresol kupitilira kukula.

Kuphatikiza pa mafakitale a menthol ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, m-cresol ilinso ndi ntchito zambiri mu VE ndi magawo ena. Kukula mwachangu kwa magawowa kumaperekanso mwayi wokulirapo pamsika wa meta cresol.

7,Malingaliro amtsogolo ndi malingaliro

Kuyang'ana m'tsogolo, msika waku China wa cresol ukukumana ndi mwayi ndi zovuta zambiri. Ndi kukhathamiritsa kosalekeza kwa njira zopangira zinthu zapakhomo komanso kukula kosalekeza kwa misika yakumunsi, kukula kwamakampani a meta cresol kukuchulukirachulukira. Ngakhale akukumana ndi zovuta, makampani a cresol ku China alinso ndi chiyembekezo chotukuka. Powonjezera luso laukadaulo, kukulitsa misika yapadziko lonse lapansi, kulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi mabizinesi akutsika, ndikupeza thandizo la boma, makampani aku China akuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa chitukuko chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika mtsogolomo.