Kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane kwa malo otentha a methanol
Methanol ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zopangira mankhwala, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mafuta, zosungunulira ndi mankhwala. Mu pepala ili, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane nkhani yokhudza "methanol yotentha yowirikiza", ndipo tikambirane zakuya thupi la methanol, zomwe zikukhudza malo ake owira ndi tanthauzo lake.
Katundu wamkulu wa methanol
Methanol, yemwe amatchedwanso mowa wamatabwa kapena mzimu wamatabwa, njira ya ch₃o, ndiye mafuta osavuta kwambiri. Monga madzi opanda utoto, oyaka, methanol ndi osungulumwa kwambiri komanso oopsa. Malo ake owira ndi gawo lofunikira kuti amvetsetse katundu wa methanol. Pamlengalenga, methanol ali ndi malo otentha a 64.7 ° C (148.5 ° F), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zopambana kuti zisinthe mu kutentha kwa firiji. Chifukwa chake, pogwirira ndi kusuntha Methanol, ndikofunikira kuganizira kusalakira kwake komanso kudzipatulira koyenera ndikuchita zinthu zoyenera.
Zinthu zomwe zikukhudza malo otentha a methanol
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuwerengedwa mukamamvetsetsa nkhani ya "methanol yowiritsa". Mapangidwe a ma methanol amasankha malo ake otsika. Molekyulu ya methanol ili ndi gulu la methyl (Ch₃) ndi gulu la hydroxyl (oh) ndipo ili ndi kulemera kochepa. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa hydrogen gulu la hydroxyl, izi zimadzutsa malo owiritsa pang'ono, koma ndizotsika kuposa mowa wina ndi zolemera zapamwamba.
Zochitika zakunja monga kusintha komwe kumakakamizidwa kungakhudzenso malo otentha a methanol. Pansi pamavuto ochepa, malo otentha a methanol amatsika, pomwe pansi pamavuto ambiri, zimachuluka. Chifukwa chake, zingakhale zofunikira kuwongolera ma methanol extapat ndi njira zophatikiza mwa kusintha kukakamizidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zamakisiri.
Kukula kwa methanol owiritsa mu mafakitale
Malo otentha a methanol ndikofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ku Methanol ndi distillation, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera kutentha koyenera komanso kukakamizidwa kuti mulemika ndi kuyeretsedwa kwa methanol. Chifukwa cha kuwira kochepa, methanol titha kutukula kudera kwa malo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zotenthetsera, zomwe ndizopindulitsa malinga ndi kupulumutsa mphamvu.
Kutentha kochepa kwa methanol kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yosungunulira yabwino, makamaka pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kusinthasintha mwachangu, monga zopanduka komanso zoponyera. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino wogwira ntchito sikuyenera kulamulidwa mosamalitsa kupewa kumanga kwa methanol nthengo, motero kupewa moto kapena ngozi zathanzi.
Mapeto
Kuchokera pa kuwunika pamwambapa, kumatha kuwoneka kuti akumvetsetsa methanol "ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito moyenera komanso moyenera kugwiritsira ntchito methanol mu mafakitale. Malo owiritsa a methanol samangokhudza katundu wake komanso zinthu zogwirira ntchito, komanso zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kusankha kwake ndikugwiritsa ntchito m'mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana. Kudziwa izi kumathandizira kukondweretsa njira zopangira mafakitale, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndikuwonjezera phindu.