Dimethyl carbonate ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga mankhwala, mankhwala, zamagetsi ndi zina.Nkhaniyi ifotokoza njira yopangira ndi kukonzekera kwa dimethyl carbonate.

1. Njira yopanga dimethyl carbonate

Njira yopanga dimethyl carbonate imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: njira yamankhwala ndi njira yakuthupi.

1) Njira yamankhwala

The chemical synthesis reaction equation of dimethyl carbonate ndi: CH3OH+CO2 → CH3OCO2CH3

Methanol ndi zopangira za dimethyl carbonate, ndipo mpweya wa carbonate ndizomwe zimachita.The anachita ndondomeko amafuna chothandizira.

Pali zoyambitsa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo sodium hydroxide, calcium oxide, copper oxide, ndi carbonate.Carbonate ester ili ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, koma kusankha chothandizira kumafunikanso kuganizira zinthu monga mtengo ndi chilengedwe.

The ndondomeko yopanga dimethyl carbonate makamaka zikuphatikizapo masitepe monga methanol kuyeretsedwa, okosijeni makutidwe ndi okosijeni, Kutentha anachita, kulekana / distillation, etc. Panthawi zimene anachita, kulamulira okhwima magawo monga kutentha, kuthamanga, ndi nthawi anachita zimafunika kusintha zokolola. chiyero.

2）Njira yakuthupi

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zopangira dimethyl carbonate: mayamwidwe ndi njira yopondereza.

Njira yoyamwitsa imagwiritsa ntchito methanol ngati choyezera ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi CO2 pa kutentha kochepa kuti ipange dimethyl carbonate.The absorbent ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, ndipo mpweya woipa wopangidwa ndi zomwe umachita ukhoza kubwezeretsedwanso, koma momwe zimakhalira pang'onopang'ono komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumakhala kwakukulu.

Lamulo loponderezedwa limagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a CO2 kuti agwirizane ndi methanol pansi pa kuthamanga kwambiri, potero amakwaniritsa kukonzekera kwa dimethyl carbonate.Njirayi imakhala yofulumira kuchitapo kanthu, koma imafuna zida zopondereza zamphamvu kwambiri ndipo ndizokwera mtengo.

Njira ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambazi zili ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zawo, ndipo zikhoza kusankhidwa malinga ndi zosowa za ntchito ndi zinthu zachuma.

2, Kukonzekera njira ya dimethyl carbonate

Pali njira zingapo zopangira dimethyl carbonate, ndipo zotsatirazi ndi njira ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

1) Njira ya Methanol

Iyi ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonzekera dimethyl carbonate.Zochita zenizeni ndi izi:

(1) Onjezani methanol ndi potaziyamu carbonate/sodium carbonate, ndi kutentha kwa kutentha komwe mukuyambitsa;

(2) Pang'onopang'ono onjezani CO2, pitirizani kuyambitsa, ndi kuziziritsa pambuyo pomaliza;

(3) Gwiritsani ntchito fayilo yolekanitsa kuti mulekanitse kusakaniza ndikupeza dimethyl carbonate.

Kuyenera kudziŵika kuti kutentha, kuthamanga, anachita nthawi, komanso mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa chothandizira ayenera kulamulidwa pa anachita ndondomeko kusintha zokolola ndi chiyero.

2) Njira ya okosijeni

Kuphatikiza pa njira ya methanol, njira ya okosijeni ya okosijeni imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga dimethyl carbonate.Njirayi ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa kupanga kosalekeza.

Zochita zenizeni ndi izi:

(1) Onjezani methanol ndi chothandizira, kutentha kwa kutentha komwe mukuyambitsa;

(2) Onjezani mpweya wa okosijeni pamachitidwe ochitirapo kanthu ndikupitiliza kuyambitsa;

(3) Olekanitsa, distill, ndi kuyeretsa anachita osakaniza kupeza dimethyl carbonate.

Tikumbukenso kuti okosijeni makutidwe ndi okosijeni njira amafuna kulamulira magawo monga kotunga mlingo ndi anachita kutentha mpweya mpweya, komanso chiwerengero cha anachita zigawo zikuluzikulu, kusintha zokolola ndi chiyero.

Kupyolera m'mawu oyamba a nkhaniyi, tikhoza kuphunzira za njira zopangira ndi kukonzekera kwa dimethyl carbonate.Kuchokera pamapangidwe a mamolekyu mpaka kulongosola mwatsatanetsatane momwe kachitidwe kachitidwe ndi njira yopangira, tapereka chidziwitso chokwanira komanso cholondola.Ndikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi ikhoza kulimbikitsa kuphunzira ndi kufufuza kwa owerenga pankhaniyi.