Malo otentha a toluene: kuwunikira pamankhwala omwe wamba
Toluene, monga mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga mankhwala, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'madera ambiri ndi zinthu zake zapadera. Malo otentha a toluene ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limafunikira chidwi chapadera pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale. Kumvetsetsa kuwira kwa toluene sikungophunzitsa kokha kasungidwe ndi kayendedwe kake, komanso n'kofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera kutentha panthawi zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala.
Mwachidule za katundu woyambira ndi malo otentha a toluene
Toluene ndi madzi onunkhira opanda mtundu komanso onunkhira okhala ndi mankhwala akuti C₇H₈. Amapezeka kwambiri mu utoto, zokutira, zowonda komanso zomatira ndipo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zosungunulira zamakampani. Pamphamvu ya mumlengalenga, toluene yowira ndi 110.6°C. Kutentha kocheperako kumapangitsa kuti toluene asungunuke mosavuta kutentha kwa firiji, motero chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakusakhazikika kwake komanso kuopsa kwa nthunzi komwe kungachitike panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Zomwe zimakhudza kuwira kwa toluene
Ngakhale kutentha kwa toluene ndi 110.6 ° C pa kuthamanga kwa mlengalenga, chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana pa ntchito zothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwa kuthamanga kungakhudze mwachindunji kuwira kwa toluene. Malinga ndi lamulo la gasi, kutentha kwa madzi kumakwera pamene kuthamanga kumawonjezeka; m'malo mwake, imagwa pamene kuthamanga kumachepetsa. Chodabwitsachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osungunula distillation ndi njira zowongolera kuti apititse patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi zokolola pakulekanitsa.
Kuyera ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika zomwe zimakhudza kuwira kwa toluene. Popanga mafakitale, toluene nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zonyansa zina, kupezeka kwake komwe kungayambitse kusintha pang'ono kwa kutentha kwa toluene. Choncho, kumvetsetsa ndi kulamulira chiyero cha toluene n'kofunika kwambiri kuti mupeze molondola malo ake owira.
Malo otentha a toluene m'makampani
Popanga mankhwala, powiritsa toluene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa nthawi ya kutentha pakati pa kutuluka kwake ndi condensation, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakulekanitsa monga distillation ndi rectification. Mwachitsanzo, mu mafakitale a petrochemical, toluene nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chopangira zinthu zofunika kwambiri monga benzene, methanol ndi xylene. Mwa kulamulira kutentha mu riyakitala kuti toluene ukuphwera nthunzi ndi condens mu yoyenera kutentha osiyanasiyana, kusankha ndi zokolola za anachita bwino.
Kudziwa malo otentha a toluene n'kofunikanso kuti asungidwe bwino ndi kuyendetsa. Chifukwa chakuti toluene imakhala yosasunthika komanso yoyaka moto, iyenera kusungidwa pamalo otsika kutentha panthawi yosungira, ndipo kukhudzana ndi oxidizing agents ndi zinthu zina zowopsa ziyenera kupewedwa kuti zisawonongeke kuphulika kapena ngozi zamoto.
Chidule
Toluene ngati mankhwala opangira mankhwala, malo otentha a toluene ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsira ntchito mafakitale. Pozindikira mozama za kutentha kwa toluene ndi zomwe zimachititsa, khalidwe lake popanga likhoza kumveka bwino ndipo njira zoyenera zikhoza kukonzedwa kuti zitheke kupanga bwino komanso chitetezo.