Vinyl acetate (VAc), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti vinyl acetate kapena vinyl acetate, ndi madzi opanda mtundu komanso owoneka bwino kutentha ndi kupanikizika. Monga imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, VAc imatha kupanga polyvinyl acetate resin (PVAc), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ndi zotumphukira zina kudzera mu polymerization yake kapena copolymerization ndi ma monomers ena. Zotengerazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, nsalu, makina, mankhwala ndi zowongolera nthaka.

Kusanthula Kwakukulu kwa Vinyl Acetate Viwanda Chain

Kumtunda kwa unyolo wa vinyl acetate mafakitale makamaka amapangidwa ndi zipangizo monga acetylene, acetic acid, ethylene ndi haidrojeni, etc. Njira zazikulu zokonzekera zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: imodzi ndi njira ya petroleum ethylene, yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku ethylene. acetic acid ndi haidrojeni, ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitengo yamafuta osakanizidwa. Imodzi ndi yokonza acetylene ndi gasi kapena calcium carbide, ndiyeno ndi acetic acid synthesis wa vinilu acetate, gasi wachilengedwe mtengo wokwera pang'ono kuposa calcium carbide. Mtsinje ndi makamaka yokonza polyvinyl mowa, woyera latex (polyvinyl acetate emulsion), VAE, EVA ndi PAN, etc., amene polyvinyl mowa ndiye chofunika kwambiri.

1, Kumtunda kwa zida za vinyl acetate

Acetic acid ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kumtunda kwa VAE, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumalumikizana kwambiri ndi VAE. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti kuyambira 2010, ku China komwe kukuwoneka kuti amamwa acetic acid yonse kukukulirakulira, kokha mu 2015 ndi kusintha kwamakampani kutsika ndi kutsika kwatsika, 2020 idafika matani 7.2 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 3.6% poyerekeza ndi 2019. Kutsika kwa vinilu acetate ndi zinthu zina kusintha kapangidwe kake, kagwiritsidwe ntchito kachulukira, msika wa acetic acid wonse upitiliza kukula.

Ponena za ntchito zapansi, 25.6% ya acetic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga PTA (purified terephthalic acid), 19.4% ya acetic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyl acetate, ndipo 18.1% ya acetic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ethyl acetate. M'zaka zaposachedwa, machitidwe amakampani opanga ma acetic acid akhala okhazikika. Vinyl acetate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumunsi kwa acetic acid.

2. Mapangidwe apansi a vinyl acetate

Vinyl acetate amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga mowa wa polyvinyl ndi EVA, etc. Vinyl acetate (Vac), ester yosavuta ya asidi saturated ndi mowa unsaturated, akhoza polymerized palokha kapena ndi monomers ena kupanga ma polima monga polyvinyl mowa (PVA), ethylene vinilu acetate - ethylene copolymer (EVA), etc. Chifukwa ma polima angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga zomatira, pepala kapena nsalu. ma sizing agents, utoto, inki, kukonza zikopa, emulsifiers, mafilimu osungunuka m'madzi, ndi zoyezera nthaka mu mankhwala, nsalu Zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana pamakampani, nsalu, kuwala, kupanga mapepala, zomangamanga ndi magalimoto. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti 65% ya vinyl acetate imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mowa wa polyvinyl ndipo 12% ya vinyl acetate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga polyvinyl acetate.

Kusanthula kwazomwe zikuchitika pamsika wa vinyl acetate

1, Vinyl acetate mphamvu yopanga ndi kuchuluka koyambira

Kupitilira 60% ya mphamvu zopangira vinyl acetate padziko lonse lapansi zimakhazikika kudera la Asia, pomwe mphamvu yaku China yopanga vinyl acetate imatenga pafupifupi 40% ya mphamvu zonse zopanga padziko lapansi ndipo ndi dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lopanga vinyl acetate. Poyerekeza ndi njira ya acetylene, njira ya ethylene ndiyopanda ndalama komanso zachilengedwe, yokhala ndi chiyero chapamwamba cha mankhwala. Popeza mphamvu yamagetsi yamakampani aku China makamaka imadalira malasha, kupanga vinyl acetate makamaka kumatengera njira ya acetylene, ndipo zogulitsa zake ndizotsika kwambiri. Kuthekera kwapanyumba kwa vinyl acetate kudakula kwambiri mu 2013-2016, pomwe sikunasinthe mu 2016-2018. Msika wa 2019 waku China wa vinyl acetate umapereka mawonekedwe opitilira muyeso, okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa calcium carbide acetylene process unit komanso kuchuluka kwamakampani. 2020, mphamvu yaku China yopanga ma vinyl acetate ya matani 2.65 miliyoni / chaka, chaka ndi chaka.

2, Vinyl acetate kumwa

Pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito, ma vinyl acetate aku China onse akuwonetsa kusinthasintha kwapamwamba, ndipo msika wa vinyl acetate ku China wakhala ukukula pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kukula kwa kufunikira kwa EVA yotsika, etc. Deta imasonyeza kuti, kupatulapo 2018 , Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa vinyl acetate ku China ndi zinthu monga kukwera kwa mitengo ya acetic acid, kumwa kwatsika, kuyambira 2013 msika wa vinyl acetate waku China. kufunikira kwakwera kwambiri, kumwa kwakwera chaka ndi chaka, kuyambira 2020 otsika afika matani 1.95 miliyoni, chiwonjezeko cha 4.8% poyerekeza ndi 2019.

3, Mtengo wapakati wa msika wa vinyl acetate

Kuchokera pamalingaliro amitengo yamsika ya vinyl acetate, yokhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwachulukidwe, mitengo yamakampani idakhalabe yokhazikika mu 2009-2020. 2014 ndi kutsika kotunga kunja, mitengo yamalonda yamakampani yawonjezeka kwambiri, mabizinesi apakhomo amakulitsa kupanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchulukirachulukira. Mitengo ya vinyl acetate inagwa kwambiri mu 2015 ndi 2016, ndipo mu 2017, yokhudzidwa ndi ndondomeko zoteteza chilengedwe, mitengo yamakampani inakwera kwambiri. 2019, chifukwa cha kupezeka kokwanira pamsika wa acetic acid komanso kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwamakampani omanga kunsi kwa mtsinje, mitengo yamakampani idatsika kwambiri, ndipo mu 2020, zomwe zidakhudzidwa ndi mliriwu, mtengo wapakati wazinthu zidatsika kwambiri, ndipo kuyambira Julayi 2021, mitengo kumsika kum'mawa inafika kupitirira 12,000 Kukwera kwamtengo kumakhala kwakukulu, komwe makamaka chifukwa cha zotsatira za uthenga wabwino wa mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya mafuta osakanizika komanso Kutsika kwa msika wonse chifukwa cha kutsekedwa kwa mafakitale kapena kuchedwa.

Zambiri Zamakampani a Ethyl Acetate

Ethyl acetate Chinese mabizinesi gawo Sinopec zomera zinayi mphamvu matani 1.22 miliyoni / chaka, owerengera 43% ya dziko, ndi Anhui Wanwei Gulu ali 750,000 matani / chaka, mlandu 26.5%. Gawo la Nanjing Celanese 350,000 matani / chaka, lomwe limawerengera 12%, ndi gawo lachinsinsi la Inner Mongolia Shuangxin ndi Ningxia Dadi ndi matani 560,000 / chaka, omwe amawerengera 20%. Opanga ma vinyl acetate apano akupezeka makamaka kumpoto chakumadzulo, East China ndi Kumwera chakumadzulo, kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi 51.6%, East China ndi 20.8%, North China ndi 6.4% ndi Southwest accounting 21.2%.

Kusanthula kwa vinyl acetate view

1, EVA kutsika kwamadzi kumafunikira kukula

EVA kumunsi kwa vinyl acetate ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati filimu ya PV cell encapsulation. Malinga ndi maukonde amphamvu padziko lonse lapansi, EVA kuchokera ku ethylene ndi vinyl acetate (VA) ma monomers awiri ndi copolymerization reaction, gawo lalikulu la VA mu 5% -40%, chifukwa chakuchita bwino, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu thovu, zinchito. filimu yokhetsedwa, filimu yolongedza, zopangira jekeseni, zosakaniza ndi zomatira, waya ndi chingwe, filimu ya photovoltaic cell encapsulation film ndi kusungunula kotentha. zomatira, etc. 2020 kwa thandizo photovoltaic mu chaka chatha, ambiri zoweta mutu gawo opanga analengeza kukula kwa kupanga, ndi diversification wa photovoltaic gawo kukula, iwiri mbali iwiri galasi gawo malowedwe mlingo kuchuluka kwambiri, kufunika photovoltaic. ma modules kupitirira kukula komwe kukuyembekezeka, kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa EVA. Zikuyembekezeka kuti matani 800,000 a mphamvu ya EVA adzapangidwa mu 2021. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera, kukula kwa matani 800,000 a mphamvu yopangira ma EVA kudzayendetsa kukula kwapachaka kwa matani 144,000 a vinyl acetate acetate, zomwe zidzayendetsa kukula kwapachaka. wa matani 103,700 a asidi acetic acid.

2, Vinyl acetate overcapacity, zinthu zapamwamba zimafunikabe kutumizidwa kunja

China ili ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa vinyl acetate, ndipo zinthu zomaliza ziyenera kutumizidwa kunja. Pakadali pano, kupezeka kwa vinilu acetate ku China kumaposa kufunikira, ndikuchulukirachulukira komanso kupanga kopitilira muyeso kumadalira kugwiritsa ntchito kunja. Chiyambire kukula kwa vinyl acetate kupanga mphamvu mu 2014, China vinyl acetate katundu wawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zina kuchokera kunja zasinthidwa ndi mphamvu zopangira pakhomo. Kuphatikiza apo, zogulitsa kunja kwa China zimakhala zotsika mtengo, pomwe zogulitsa kunja zimakhala zotsika kwambiri. Pakalipano, China ikufunikabe kudalira katundu wamtengo wapatali wa vinyl acetate, ndipo makampani a vinyl acetate akadali ndi mwayi wopititsa patsogolo msika wogulitsa.