Vinyl acetate (VAc), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti vinyl acetate kapena vinyl acetate, ndi madzi opanda mtundu komanso owoneka bwino kutentha ndi kupanikizika. Monga imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, VAc imatha kupanga polyvinyl acetate resin (PVAc), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ndi zotumphukira zina kudzera mu polymerization yake kapena copolymerization ndi ma monomers ena. Zotengerazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, nsalu, makina, mankhwala ndi zowongolera nthaka.

Kusanthula Kwakukulu kwa Vinyl Acetate Viwanda Chain

Kumtunda kwa unyolo wamakampani a vinyl acetate makamaka amapangidwa ndi zipangizo monga acetylene, acetic acid, ethylene ndi hydrogen, etc. Njira zazikulu zokonzekera zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: imodzi ndi njira ya petroleum ethylene, yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku ethylene, acetic acid ndi hydrogen, ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitengo ya mafuta. Imodzi ndi yokonza acetylene ndi gasi kapena calcium carbide, ndiyeno ndi acetic acid synthesis wa vinilu acetate, gasi wachilengedwe mtengo wokwera pang'ono kuposa calcium carbide. Mtsinje ndi makamaka yokonza polyvinyl mowa, woyera latex (polyvinyl acetate emulsion), VAE, EVA ndi PAN, etc., amene polyvinyl mowa ndiye chofunika kwambiri.

1, Kumtunda kwa zida za vinyl acetate

Acetic acid ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kumtunda kwa VAE, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumalumikizana kwambiri ndi VAE. Deta zikusonyeza kuti kuyambira 2010, China zikuoneka kumwa acetic asidi wonse akukula chizolowezi, kokha mu 2015 ndi makampani boom kutsika ndi kutsika kufunika kusintha kwatsika, 2020 anafika matani 7.2 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 3.6% poyerekeza ndi 2019. kukula.

Ponena za ntchito zapansi, 25.6% ya acetic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga PTA (purified terephthalic acid), 19.4% ya acetic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyl acetate, ndipo 18.1% ya acetic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ethyl acetate. M'zaka zaposachedwa, machitidwe amakampani opanga ma acetic acid akhala okhazikika. Vinyl acetate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumunsi kwa acetic acid.

2. Mapangidwe apansi a vinyl acetate

Vinyl acetate makamaka ntchito kubala polyvinyl mowa ndi EVA, etc. Vinyl acetate (Vac), yosavuta ester zimalimbikitsa asidi ndi unsaturated mowa, akhoza polymerized palokha kapena ndi monomers ena kupanga ma polima monga polyvinyl mowa (PVA), ethylene vinilu acetate - ethylene copolymer angagwiritsidwe ntchito pepala, kapena polima polymer (EVA) akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pepala kapena polyvinyl. ma sizing agents, utoto, inki, kukonza zikopa, emulsifiers, mafilimu osungunuka m'madzi, ndi zoyezera nthaka mu mankhwala, nsalu Zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana pamakampani, nsalu, kuwala, kupanga mapepala, zomangamanga ndi magalimoto. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti 65% ya vinyl acetate imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mowa wa polyvinyl ndipo 12% ya vinyl acetate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga polyvinyl acetate.

Kusanthula kwazomwe zikuchitika pamsika wa vinyl acetate

1, Vinyl acetate mphamvu yopanga ndi kuchuluka koyambira

Kupitilira 60% ya mphamvu zopangira vinyl acetate padziko lonse lapansi zimakhazikika kudera la Asia, pomwe mphamvu yaku China yopanga vinyl acetate imatenga pafupifupi 40% ya mphamvu zonse zopanga padziko lapansi ndipo ndi dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lopanga vinyl acetate. Poyerekeza ndi njira ya acetylene, njira ya ethylene ndiyopanda ndalama komanso zachilengedwe, yokhala ndi chiyero chapamwamba cha mankhwala. Popeza mphamvu yamagetsi yamakampani aku China makamaka imadalira malasha, kupanga vinyl acetate makamaka kumatengera njira ya acetylene, ndipo zogulitsa zake ndizotsika kwambiri. Kuthekera kwapanyumba kwa vinyl acetate kudakula kwambiri mu 2013-2016, pomwe sikunasinthe mu 2016-2018. Msika wa 2019 waku China wa vinyl acetate umapereka mawonekedwe opitilira muyeso, okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa calcium carbide acetylene process unit komanso kuchuluka kwamakampani. 2020, mphamvu yaku China yopanga ma vinyl acetate ya matani 2.65 miliyoni / chaka, chaka ndi chaka.

2, Vinyl acetate kumwa

Pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito, ma vinyl acetate aku China onse akuwonetsa kusinthasintha kwakukwera, ndipo msika wa vinyl acetate ku China wakhala ukukula pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kukula kwa kufunikira kwa EVA yotsika, ndi zina zotero. kufunikira kwakwera kwambiri, kumwa kwakwera chaka ndi chaka, kuyambira 2020 otsika afika matani 1.95 miliyoni, chiwonjezeko cha 4.8% poyerekeza ndi 2019.

3, Mtengo wapakati wa msika wa vinyl acetate

Kuchokera pamalingaliro amitengo yamsika ya vinyl acetate, yokhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwachulukidwe, mitengo yamakampani idakhalabe yokhazikika mu 2009-2020. 2014 ndi kutsika kotunga kunja, mitengo yamalonda yamakampani yawonjezeka kwambiri, mabizinesi apakhomo amakulitsa kupanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchulukirachulukira. Mitengo ya vinyl acetate inagwa kwambiri mu 2015 ndi 2016, ndipo mu 2017, yokhudzidwa ndi ndondomeko zoteteza chilengedwe, mitengo yamakampani inakwera kwambiri. 2019, chifukwa cha kupezeka kokwanira pamsika wa acetic acid komanso kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwamakampani omanga kunsi kwa mtsinje, mitengo yamafakitale idatsika kwambiri, ndipo mu 2020, zomwe zidakhudzidwa ndi mliriwu, mtengo wapakati wazinthu zidatsika kwambiri, ndipo kuyambira Julayi 2021, mitengo kumsika wakum'mawa idafika kupitilira 12,000 Kutsika kwa msika wonse chifukwa cha kutsekedwa kwa mafakitale kapena kuchedwa.

Zambiri Zamakampani a Ethyl Acetate

Ethyl acetate Chinese mabizinesi gawo Sinopec zomera zinayi mphamvu matani 1.22 miliyoni / chaka, owerengera 43% ya dziko, ndi Anhui Wanwei Gulu ali 750,000 matani / chaka, mlandu 26.5%. Gawo la Nanjing Celanese 350,000 matani / chaka, lomwe limawerengera 12%, ndi gawo lachinsinsi la Inner Mongolia Shuangxin ndi Ningxia Dadi ndi matani 560,000 / chaka, omwe amawerengera 20%. Opanga ma vinyl acetate apano akupezeka makamaka kumpoto chakumadzulo, East China ndi Kumwera chakumadzulo, kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi 51.6%, East China ndi 20.8%, North China ndi 6.4% ndi Southwest accounting 21.2%.

Kusanthula kwa vinyl acetate view

1, EVA kutsika kwamadzi kumafunikira kukula

EVA kumunsi kwa vinyl acetate ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati filimu ya PV cell encapsulation. Malinga ndi maukonde padziko lonse mphamvu zatsopano, EVA ku ethylene ndi vinilu acetate (VA) monomers awiri ndi copolymerization anachita, gawo misa VA mu 5% -40%, chifukwa cha ntchito zake zabwino, mankhwala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito thovu, zinchito okhetsedwa filimu, ma CD filimu, jekeseni wowomba mankhwala, osakaniza wothandizila ndi zomatira, waya photosultaic ndi zomatira, waya photosultaic ndi chingwe filimu en holt. zomatira, etc. 2020 kwa thandizo photovoltaic mu chaka chatha, ambiri zoweta mutu gawo opanga analengeza kukulitsa kwa kupanga, ndi diversification wa photovoltaic gawo kukula, iwiri mbali ziwiri galasi gawo malowedwe mlingo kuchuluka kwambiri, kufunika kwa zigawo photovoltaic kuposa kukula kuyembekezera, zolimbikitsa EVA kufunika kukula. Zikuyembekezeka kuti matani a 800,000 a mphamvu ya EVA adzayikidwa mu kupanga mu 2021. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera, kukula kwa matani 800,000 a mphamvu yopangira EVA kudzayendetsa kukula kwapachaka kwa matani 144,000 a vinyl acetate amafuna, zomwe zidzayendetsa kukula kwapachaka kwa matani a 103,700 acetic acid.

2, Vinyl acetate overcapacity, zinthu zapamwamba zimafunikabe kutumizidwa kunja

China ili ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa vinyl acetate, ndipo zinthu zomaliza ziyenera kutumizidwa kunja. Pakadali pano, kupezeka kwa vinilu acetate ku China kumaposa kufunikira, ndikuchulukirachulukira komanso kupanga kopitilira muyeso kumadalira kugwiritsa ntchito kunja. Chiyambire kukula kwa vinyl acetate kupanga mphamvu mu 2014, China vinyl acetate katundu wawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zina kuchokera kunja zasinthidwa ndi mphamvu zopangira pakhomo. Kuphatikiza apo, zogulitsa kunja kwa China zimakhala zotsika mtengo, pomwe zogulitsa kunja zimakhala zotsika kwambiri. Pakalipano, China ikufunikabe kudalira katundu wamtengo wapatali wa vinyl acetate, ndipo makampani a vinyl acetate akadali ndi mwayi wopititsa patsogolo msika wogulitsa.