Dzina la malonda:Toluene

Mtundu wa Molecular:C7H8

CAS No:108-88-3

Kapangidwe kazinthu zama cell:

Chemical Properties::

Toluene, organic compound yokhala ndi mankhwala C₇H₈, ndi madzi opanda mtundu, osasunthika komanso fungo lonunkhira bwino. Ili ndi katundu wamphamvu wa refractive. Imasakanikirana ndi ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, carbon disulfide ndi glacial acetic acid, ndipo imasungunuka pang'ono m'madzi. Choyaka, nthunzi imatha kupanga chisakanizo chophulika ndi mpweya, kuchuluka kwa osakaniza kumatha kuphulika pamtunda wotsika. Low kawopsedwe, LD50 (khoswe, pakamwa) 5000mg/kg. Kuchuluka kwa gasi kumakhala koledzeretsa, kumakwiyitsa

Ntchito:

Toluene amachokera ku phula la malasha komanso aspetroleum. Amapezeka mu petulo ndi mafuta ambiri osungunulira mafuta. Toluene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga trinitrotoluene (TNT), toluene diisocyanate, ndi benzene; monga chophatikizira cha utoto, mankhwala, ndi zotsukira; komanso monga chosungunulira m'mafakitale opangira mphira, utoto, zokutira, ndi mafuta.

Toluene ali ndi ntchito zambiri m'makampani opanga mankhwala ndi mafuta, ndipo pafupifupi matani 6 miliyoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka ku United States ndi matani 16 miliyoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa toluene ndi monga chowonjezera cha octane mu petulo. Toluene ali ndi mlingo wa octane 114. Toluene ndi imodzi mwazinthu zinayi zazikuluzikulu zonunkhiritsa, pamodzi ndi benzene, xylene, ndi ethylbenzene, zomwe zimapangidwa poyenga kuti mafuta azitha kugwira bwino ntchito. Pamodzi, mankhwala anayiwa amafupikitsidwa ngati BTEX. BTEX ndi gawo lalikulu la petulo, limapanga pafupifupi 18% ndi kulemera kwa kusakaniza wamba. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zonunkhiritsa kumasiyanasiyana kuti apange mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira za nyengo ndi nyengo, toluene ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu. Mafuta amtundu wamba amakhala ndi pafupifupi 5% toluene kulemera kwake.
Toluene ndi chakudya choyambirira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga diisocyanates. Ma Isocyanates ali ndi gulu logwira ntchito ?N = C = O, ndipo diisocyanates ili ndi ziwiri mwa izi. Ma diisocyanate awiri akuluakulu ndi toluene 2,4-disocyanate ndi toluene 2,6-disocyanate. Kupanga kwa diisocyanates ku North America kuli pafupi mabiliyoni a mapaundi pachaka. Zoposa 90% za toluene diisocyanate zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thovu la polyurethanes. Zotsirizirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudzaza mipando, zofunda, ndi ma cushions. Mu mawonekedwe olimba amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsekereza, zokutira zipolopolo zolimba, zida zomangira, zida zamagalimoto, mawilo a androller skate.

Popanga benzoic acid, benzaldehyde, zophulika, utoto, ndi zina zambiri organic Compounds; monga zosungunulira utoto, lacquers, chingamu, utomoni; zowonda za inki, zonunkhiritsa, utoto; m'zigawo za mfundo zosiyanasiyana zomera; monga chowonjezera mafuta.