Acetonendi wopanda utoto, wosasunthika ndi fungo lamphamvu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, monga mankhwala, petroleum, mankhwala, ndi zina zosungunulira, zomata, tiyeni tifotokozere kapangidwe ka acetone.
Kupanga kwa Acetone makamaka kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri: gawo loyamba ndikupanga acetune acid ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa catalytic, ndipo gawo lachiwiri ndikulekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa acetone.
Mu gawo loyamba, acetic acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira, ndipo chothandizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa zotsatsa za catalytic kuti upeze acetone. Mphatso zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zinc ufa, ufa wachitsulo, etc. Katundu wokhudzana ndi izi: Chhcooh + h2 h2→Ch3coch3. Kutentha kwamo ndi 150-250℃, ndipo kukakamizidwa kwa anthu ndi 1-5 MPA. Ufa wa zinc ndi chitsulo ufa umasinthidwanso pambuyo poti agwiritse ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
Mu gawo lachiwiri, kusakaniza komwe kumakhala ndi acetone kumalekanitsidwa ndikuyeretsedwa. Pali njira zambiri zolekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa acetone, njira zotsatsira, njira yodutsira, ndi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito malo owotcha zinthu kuti apatule ndi distillation. Acetone ali ndi malo owiritsa otsika komanso kukakamizidwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, itha kulekanitsidwa ndi zinthu zina ndi distillation pansi pa malo apamwamba kutentha pang'ono. Kenako acetone yolekanitsidwa imatumizidwa ku njira yotsatira kuti ithandizirenso chithandizo.
Mwachidule, kupanga kwa acetone kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri: kuchepetsa kwa mankhwala acetic a acetic ac kuti mupeze acetone ndi kudzipatula ndi kuyeretsa kwa acetone. Acetone ndi mankhwala ofunikira mankhwala mu mafuta a petroleum, mankhwala, mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena. Ili ndi ntchito zingapo pogwiritsa ntchito m'makampani ndi moyo. Kuphatikiza pa njira zomwe tafotokozazi pamwambapa, pali njira zina zopangira acetone, monga njira yochitira mphamvu komanso njira ya hydrogenation. Njira izi zili ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi maubwino pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana.
Post Nthawi: Dis-18-2023